What makes the ERC's Proof of Concept grants special is that only those who already receive ERC funding are eligible to apply. The Research Council wants to enable scientists to explore and develop potential applications for the research results obtained in an ERC-funded project.

Under certain medications or chemotherapeutics, many cancer cells stop producing proteins and instead begin to form specific small peptides. These so-called “therapy-induced” peptides are presented on the surface of the tumor cells. Unlike normal cell proteins, they are foreign to the immune system, which therefore responds by attacking the cancer cells. Fabricio Loayza-Puch wants to exploit this fact. Funded by an ERC PoC grant, he plans to develop “off the shelf” mRNA vaccines based on these peptides, initially for the difficult-to-treat triple-negative breast cancer. The researchers' goal is to improve the response to chemotherapy and overcome resistance to treatment.

Immunotherapies including immune checkpoint blockade and T cell therapy often fail because T cells cannot effectively infiltrate and sustain their functions in solid tumors. Supported by an ERC Starting Grant, immunologist Chong Sun has discovered one key reason for this: many cancer cells carry a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) molecule on their surface that becomes selectively activated in solid tumors and impairs immune cell activity. Inhibiting this GPCR enhances immune cell infiltration, promotes T cell survival and antitumor activity, and reverse resistance to immunotherapies across various preclinical models. Encouraged by these results, the team led by Chong Sun developed antibodies that specifically blocks this GPCR. With funding from the ERC PoC grant, the researchers aim to further optimize a lead antibody candidate, perform preclinical development, and establish a biomarker-guided strategy for patient selection. The ultimate goal is to license or spin off the therapeutic candidate for clinical application and commercialization.